Immunomodulatory action is the ability of certain drugs or substances to regulate the activity of the immune system, increasing or decreasing its functions depending on the needs of the body. Immunomodulators are used to correct disorders in the immune system that can lead to infections, autoimmune diseases or other pathological conditions.

Immunomodulatory agents can have different mechanisms of action. Immunostimulants increase the activity of the immune system, contributing to better protection of the body against viruses, bacteria and other infectious agents. Such drugs are used for frequent infectious diseases or to restore immunity after severe diseases. Examples of immunostimulants are echinacea, interferons, thymus-based drugs.

Immunosuppressors, on the other hand, reduce the activity of the immune system, which is necessary in the treatment of autoimmune diseases or to prevent rejection of transplanted organs. These include corticosteroids, cyclosporine and some biologics. Immunomodulators help maintain the balance of the immune system, but their use should be under the supervision of a doctor, as improper use can lead to serious consequences.