The thyroid gland is a small but extremely important endocrine organ located on the front of the neck, below the larynx. It has the shape of a butterfly and consists of two lobes connected by an isthmus. The main function of the thyroid gland is the production of the hormones thyroxine (T₄) and triiodothyronine (T₃), which regulate metabolism, body temperature, growth, development, as well as the functioning of the cardiovascular, nervous and digestive systems.
To synthesize its hormones, the thyroid gland uses iodine, which comes from food. The activity of the gland is controlled by the pituitary gland through the hormone TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone), which stimulates its activity. Thyroid dysfunction can lead to both hypothyroidism (reduced hormone production) and hyperthyroidism (overproduction). Both conditions cause serious malfunctions in the body, from fatigue, weight gain and depression to insomnia, weight loss, irritability and heart disorders.
Thyroid health directly depends on adequate iodine intake, as well as on the overall hormonal balance. To diagnose her condition, tests for the hormones TSH, T₄ and T₃, as well as ultrasound, are used. If you have complaints or changes in well-being, it is important to consult an endocrinologist in a timely manner.