Dandruff is a common scalp condition characterized by the formation of small scales of the epidermis that peel off and may be noticeable in the hair or on clothing. Dandruff is caused by accelerated exfoliation of the top layer of the scalp, which may be accompanied by itching, redness or irritation.

The main causes of dandruff are overactive sebaceous glands, Malassezia fungus, hormonal changes, stress, incorrectly selected hair care products, dry or oily scalp. Dandruff can be dry (small white scales) or oily (yellowish scales sticking to the skin).

Treatment for dandruff involves the use of special shampoos that contain antifungal or exfoliating components such as ketoconazole, salicylic acid, zinc pyrithione, or tar. For prevention, it is recommended to take proper care of your hair, avoid excessive use of styling products and monitor your overall health. In the case of chronic or severe dandruff, you should consult a dermatologist.