Fatty acids are organic compounds that make up an important part of lipids (fats) in the body. They are long chains of carbon atoms with a carboxyl group at one end. Fatty acids are divided into saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated, depending on the presence or absence of double bonds between carbon atoms. Saturated fatty acids are found in animal products such as meat and dairy, while unsaturated fatty acids are found in vegetable oils, nuts, and fish. Particular attention is paid to omega-3 and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are considered essential, as they are not synthesized in the body and must be supplied with food.

Fatty acids perform many important functions in the body. They are a source of energy, participate in the construction of cell membranes, contribute to the normal functioning of the heart and brain, and maintain healthy skin and hair. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), have anti-inflammatory properties and are important for preventing cardiovascular disease. An improper ratio of fatty acids in the diet can lead to a variety of health-promoting problems, including inflammatory diseases, obesity, and cardiovascular disorders. Balanced intake of fatty acids through diet or supplements can promote overall health and well-being.