Organic acids are compounds that contain a carboxyl group (-COOH) and are found in many plants, animals, and microorganisms. They play an important role in metabolism and other biochemical processes of the body. Organic acids are often found in fruits, vegetables, and dairy products and can be used as preservatives, acidity regulators, or to enhance the flavor of foods.
The most common organic acids include citric, lactic, malic, acetic and oxalic acids. Citric acid, for example, is found in citrus fruits and is used in the food industry as a preservative and antioxidant. Lactic acid is formed by fermentation by lactic acid bacteria and is widely used in the production of dairy products such as yogurt and kefir.
Organic acids also have beneficial properties for human health. They can improve digestion, normalize acid-base balance, maintain intestinal microflora and have an antibacterial effect. However, their excessive consumption can lead to metabolic disorders or irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, so it is important to follow a balanced diet.